The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Enhancing Employee Performance: Mediating Effect of Organizational Citizenship Behaviour and Moderating Role of Workplace Spirituality among University Faculty in Pakistan

Abstract

This research article investigates the critical role of Emotional Intelligence (EI) on Employee Performance (EP) among faculty members at universities in Pakistan. The study aims to explore how Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) serves as a mediator that elucidates the relationship between EI and EP, emphasizing the significance of positive voluntary behaviors exhibited by employees. Data were collected from various universities in Pakistan, targeting faculty members to gain insights into their experiences and perceptions. The study employed quantitative methods to analyze the relationships among EI, OCB, WS, and EP. The total number of samples is 304. The results reveal a positive correlation between EI and EP, with OCB playing a vital role in mediating this connection. Furthermore, Workplace Spirituality (WS) significantly strengthens the impact of EI on EP, suggesting that a supportive spiritual work environment amplifies the benefits of EI. The findings highlight that EI, coupled with spontaneous behaviors and a nurturing spiritual atmosphere, substantially enhances the performance of faculty members in higher education institutions. This research contributes to the understanding of how emotional and spiritual dimensions can influence professional effectiveness, offering valuable implications for university management in fostering a productive academic environment.